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Douglas DC-8 (piston airliner)
The Douglas DC-8 was a piston-engined airliner project by Douglas Aircraft. A prototype aircraft more than a decade before the Douglas DC-8 jetliner, the DC-8 piston aircraft was to have propellers in the tail, an idea first used at Douglas by Edward F. Burton on a fighter project.〔Francillon, René J. ''McDonnell Douglas aircraft since 1920'' (Putnam, 1979), p. 432.〕 The project was canceled after development costs made the model not commercially viable.
==Design and development==
Based on the cancelled XB-42, the program began shortly after the end of World War II. It was intended to operate on short- and medium-range routes, carrying between 40 and 48 passengers〔 in a then-novel pressurized cabin〔 (which had been pioneered by the Boeing 307 in 1938, but was still not in standard airline use).
The DC-8 was to use the same Allison V1710s as the XB-42 (these rated at ),〔 fitted below and immediately behind the cockpit.〔 They were to power contra-rotating propellers in the tail, as in the XB-42, by way of driveshafts under the cabin floor〔 (an arrangement reminiscent of the P-39.) This arrangement, also proposed for the Douglas Cloudster II general aviation aircraft, reduced drag by 30% and eliminated the problems associated with controlling the aircraft with one engine out.〔Francillon, p. 432.〕〔("Tail Pusher Cruises at 200mph", March 1947, Popular Mechanics ) article with photos of Cloudster II〕 Cabin access would have been by airport stair through a single portside door.
Despite performance predicted to significantly surpass conventional twin airliners,〔 excessive complexity and high development costs〔 (with consequent high sales price and operating costs)〔 meant that less risky types, such as Convair's 240 and Martin's 2-0-2 were preferred,〔 and the DC-8 was dropped before a prototype was built.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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